Fire and dry-rot proof air-tight masonry, &amp;c.



UNITED STATES PATENT QFEICE.

OENEK LORENO, OF KONIGL W-EINBERGE, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

FIRE AND DRY-ROT PROOF AIR-TIGHT MASONRY, 8&0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 676,507, dated June 18,1901,

Application filed February 4, 1901. Serial No. 46,009. (No specimens.)

IO in the art of building masonry and to the masonry itself.

The main object of the invention is to increase the strength of masonryfrom stone or brick and mortar.

According to my process I select building material (stone or brick) ofany suitable degree of strength--for example, good clay bricks,whichhave a tensile strength of twenty to forty kilograms per squarecentimeter, or

20 fire-brick burned extra clean, which have a tensile strength of fortyto one hundred and thirty kilograms per square centimeter, or stonehaving a known strength. I then select or prepare a mortar for thejoints of the masonrythat is, for connecting the stone or bricktogether- -which when dried has at least as great strength as the stoneitself. Pure soluble-glass-trass cement without admixture of sand has astrength of eighty to one hundred kilograms per square centimeter. Byadding sand or sand and other material in proper proportions the cementor mortar is given the proper strength.

One mortar or soluble-glass-trass plaster which I may use is composed ofone part, in volume, of Portland or other cement, lime, or plaster,one-sixth to one part of trass matter, one one-hundredth to one-fifthpart of infusorial earth saturated with soluble glass, and 0.4 part offilling material in sand or powder form. The soluble-glass powderisproduced from infusorial earth saturated with a soluble-glass solutionand after drying finely pulverized.

In the grinding of the soluble-glass-trass cement or soluble-glass-trassplaster it is mixed with natural or artificial cements or limes orplaster-like trass materials and with infusorial earth which has beenpreviously soaked in soluble-glass solution and then dried, whichmaterials are ground together so finely by means of roller-mills, andthen by means of fan-separators so sieved, that they leave no remainderon a sieve having from four thousand nine hundred to five thousandmeshes per square centimeter.

To get mortar having desired pressure-resisting qualities, I may mixwith the solubleglass-trass cement or plaster one or more of thefollowing materials: sand, ashes, volcanic stones, and sand in powderedform, marble sand or powder, raw limestone powder or sand, burnt clay ormud in sand or powder form, glass sand or powder, alum slate, clinkers,talc slate, iron sand, chalk, finely-sieved manganese powder, slag,silica guhr, substances containing sulfur, or lime slaked with calciumchlorid and used while still hot.

To get'a mortar which is of the desired tensile strength, I may mix withthe soluble-glasstrass cement or plaster one or more of the followingfibrous materials: burnt magnesia and magnesite,cork-meal, asbestos,mica, peat refuse, tanners bark, india-rubber, with sulfur or shellac,asphalt, hair,woo1, carrageen moss, cellulose of any kind, and also allanimal or vegetable fibrous substances.

Before laying the stone or brick they are wet and the surface coated andimpregnated with potash (or soda) soluble-glass-powder solution, and arethen laid with mortar such as described, and immediately after thehardening of the mortar the whole structure or masonry is treated withthe same solution or a similar solution or substance, as a clay solutionor with silicic fluorhydric acid, whereby the cement or mortar is madeto adhere better to the brick or stone and to become harder and morecompact.

-I claim- 1. The improvement in the art or process of building masonryof suitable building material which consists in wetting the buildingmaterial with a soluble-glass solution, then laying the buildingmaterial thus treated with mortar, allowing said mortar to dry andharden, and, then increasing adherence between the building material andthe mortar and increasing the hardness and solidity of the masonry byapplying a similar solution to the whole construction of masonry.

2. The improvement in the art or process of building masonry of suitablebuilding material which consists in wetting the building graduated byadmixture of filling material in accordance with the strength of thebuilding material, allowing said mortar to dry and harden, and thenapplying asimi'lar solution to the whole construction of masonry.

4:. Improved masonry consisting of stones or bricks the whole surface ofeach of which is coated and impregnated with soluble glass,

cement or mortar joints having at least as great strength as the stonesor bricks themselves, and the entire surface of the masonry being alsocoated and impregnated with soluble glass.

5. Improved masonry consisting of stones or bricks the whole surface ofeach of which f is coated andimpr'egnated with soluble glass,

soluble-glass-trass cement or mortar joints having at least as greatstrength as the stones or bricks themselves, and the entire surface ofthe masonry being also coated and impregmated with soluble glass InWitness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 17th day ofJanuary, 1901, in

the presence of twosu-bscribing witnesses. O'ENEK LOREN'O.

Witnesses:

' VI-oTo-R BENESZ,

ADOLPH FISCHER.

